King® RS-D2
RAPID STRENGTH SHOTCRETE MATERIAL FOR DRY-MIX PROCESS FOR UNDERGROUND APPLICATIONS
King® RS-D2 is a pre-blended, pre-packaged, dry-process shotcrete mix powered by Rapid Set® technology, containing blended aggregates and other carefully selected components. King® RS-D2 presents greatly enhanced shooting characteristics, providing greatly reduced setting times and very rapid strength development
- Very rapid early age strength development
- Improved adhesive and cohesive plastic properties
- Significantly reduced rebound, resulting in lower material usage
Usage
- Ground support applications for mining, tunneling and other underground openings.
- Construction of underground bulkheads, backfill barricades, pillars, ventilation walls and other underground concrete structures.
Advantages
- Very rapid early age strength development
- Improved adhesive and cohesive plastic properties
- Significantly reduced rebound, resulting in lower material usage
- Superior ability to build greater thicknesses in a single pass in both vertical and overhead orientations
- Low shrinkage
• Synthetic fibers reduce cracking caused by intrinsic stresses
• Type III synthetic fiber in accordance with ASTM C 1116
• Grade FR Class I shotcrete in accordance with ASTM C 1480 MACRO-SYNTHETIC FIBRES (MF)
- Significantly increased load carrying capacity
- Significantly increased energy absorbing capacity (toughness)
- Significantly increased impact resistance
- Significantly decreased wear on placing equipment and accessories when compared with steel fibres
- Ideal for use in man-ways or other areas where people may come in contact with the shotcrete surface
- Reduced cracking due to drying shrinkage
- Very rapid early-age strength development
- Improved adhesive and cohesive plastic properties
- Significantly increased load carrying capacity
- Significantly increased energy absorbing capacity (toughness)
- Significantly increased impact resistance
- For King® RS-D2 ST with Gradation No. 1, the name of the product would be King® RS-D2 ST G1.
- For King® RS-D2 MF with a high dosage of macro-synthetic fibres, and Gradation No. 2, the name of the product would be King® RS-D2 MFB
- For King® RS-D2 with Gradation No. 1, the name of the product would be King® RS-D2 G1
Packaging
- 1000 kg (2205 lb) bag
- Products containing macro-synthetic fibres (MF) or steel fibres (ST) can only be packaged in bulk bags (FIBC)
* Custom packaging is available to suit specific project requirements
Product Details
APPROVALS / CERTIFICATES
Gradation
- By default King® RS-D2, King® RS-D2 MF and King® RS-D2 ST are blended to meet ACI 506 “Guide to Shotcrete”, Table 1.1, Gradation No. 2
- King® RS-D2 G1, King® RS-D2 MF G1 and King® RS-D2 ST G1 are blended to meet ACI 506 “Guide to Shotcrete”, Table 1.1, Gradation No. 1
Shelf Life
12 months in original, unopened packaging
Storage Conditions
Store dry, ensuring that product is not exposed to rain, condensation or high humidity.
Compressive Strength
| +21 °C (70°F) | |
| 2 hours | 21 MPa (3000 psi) |
| 1 day | 30 MPa (4350 psi) |
| 7 days | 40 MPa (5800 psi) |
| 28 days | 50 MPa (7250 psi) |
Tensile Strength in Flexure
| King® RS-D2 | King® RS-D2 ST | King® RS-D2 MF | |
| 7 days | 5.5 MPa (800 psi) | - | - |
| 28 days | 6.0 MPa (870 psi) | 5.4 MPa (785 psi) | 5.4 MPa (785 psi) |
Porosity
| BOILED ABSORPTION | ASTM C642 |
7.0 %
| MAXIMUM OF PERMEABLE VOIDS | ASTM C642 |
| King® RS-D2 | 15.0 % |
| King® RS-D2 MF | 14.0 % |
Application
Curing Time
Good curing conditions are beneficial to optimizing the physical properties. Although the high relative humidity commonly found in underground environments provides for good curing conditions, additional curing is often appropriate and should be performed in accordance with ACI 308 “Guide to Curing Concrete”.
Setting Time
| Initial | 5 minutes |
| Final | 10 minutes |
Yield
Approx. 0.45 m3 (16.5 ft3) / 1000 KG (2 205 lb) bag
*Yield in service may slightly vary according to projects conditions
SURFACE PREPARATION
All surfaces to be in contact with product must be free from dust, oil, grease or any other foreign substances that may interfere with the bond of the material. Remove all loose or delaminated rock. Clean the area with potable water, leaving the substrate saturated but free of standing water (SSD).
APPLICATION
Apply King® RS-D2 in accordance with the ACI 506 “Guide to Shotcrete” publication.
OPTIMUM PERFORMANCE
- Material should be allowed to warm to at least +15 °C (60 °F) prior to shooting in order to optimize early age compressive strength results.
King® RS-D2 MF
- King® RS-D2 MF should not be applied when ambient, substrate and material temperatures are below +5 °C (40 °F).
- Recommended minimum inside diameter of shotcrete hoses should be 50 mm (2 in).
King® RS-D2 ST
- Recommended minimum inside diameter of shotcrete hoses should be 50 mm (2 in).
CLEAN UP
Clean all tools and equipment after use with water. Once hardened, the product can only be removed mechanically.
